Diabetes Surgery

Diabetes surgery is an operation performed only on patients with Type 2 diabetes. The purpose of the operation is to create the opportunity to use the insulin in the patient’s own body adequately. In this operation, it is considered that the pancreas functions in a healthy way and there is no intervention in the pancreas itself. It is an operation we do to ensure However, Type 1 diabetes patients do not have insulin in their body. For this reason, this operation is not performed for patients with type 1 diabetes.
Diabetes or Type 2 Diabetes is one of the most important health problems of our age. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 340 million people are currently receiving treatment for Diabetes. The World Health Organization predicts that this number will double and reach 700 million in 2050. Diabetes is a progressive disease that causes damage especially to the vessels due to the uncontrolled high blood sugar. It causes serious organ damage due to the vascular disease it creates. It is the most common cause of many serious diseases such as diabetes mellitus, heart attacks, stroke and paralysis, kidney failure, vision loss, sexual dysfunction, and foot diseases.
Diabetes mellitus is a disease that occurs mainly due to the inability of the insulin hormone to effectively lower blood sugar. Therefore, the main treatment should be aimed at reducing the body’s insulin resistance.
The first-line treatment of diabetes is a balanced diet and regular exercise. This is called Lifestyle Change. In patients who have difficulty in controlling their blood sugar despite their lifestyle changes, drugs that lower blood sugar and, when necessary, insulin therapy are started.
What is Diabetes Surgery?
Diabetes Surgeries are special methods that function to control blood sugar by increasing the production of special hormones secreted by the small intestines and increasing the effectiveness of insulin in the whole body.
Hormones called GLP-1 and PYY, which also stimulate the feeling of satiety, are produced from the last part of the small intestine. The stimulation of these hormones increases when the last part of the small intestine encounters food. Diabetes Surgeries are surgical procedures that bring this last part of the small intestine to a position close to the stomach, albeit in different ways. Thus, the foods that have just come out of the stomach are transferred to the targeted part of the small intestine without any treatment in the first part of the small intestine, thereby increasing the production of hormones.
Which Surgeries Are Called “Diabetes Surgery”?
Ileal Interposition Surgery is the most effective and oldest Diabetes Surgery. Apart from this, Transit Bipartition surgeries have also been widely applied recently.
Type 2 diabetes patients are primarily treated with classical treatment methods in their daily lives. People who are exposed to this disease have a lot of difficulties in their daily lives. This is because their metabolism is tired and exhausted. There are drugs that they need to take constantly and these drugs have unavoidable side effects. These drugs, which are used continuously, have undesirable side effects and the effects of ending the insulin stores in the pancreas. If the disease progresses despite the drugs used, if these drugs cannot keep the disease under full control, and if the nerve endings in the eyes and kidneys are damaged due to the loss of time after the disease, surgical treatment should be considered, but advanced complications complicate our work in the operations we will perform and adversely affect the success of the surgery. Therefore, surgery should be performed before very advanced complications develop.
By looking at the patient’s insulin reserves, we decide whether the patient is compatible with the operation or not after the necessary analysis and examination. It is of great importance that insulin reserves are preserved. Even if the patient is taking medication, if the sugar is still high, if it cannot be controlled, and if the patient’s age is between 18 and 65, the physician may decide to operate.
How far type 2 diabetes has progressed and how much damage it causes in which organ should be well evaluated. For this, the doctor should know the patient’s story well and read the situation well. Together with his team, he should analyze the necessary analyzes and examinations well and decide on the operation accordingly. Type 2 diabetes has many metabolic problems. As a team, these are discussed with their risks and an evaluation is made accordingly and the operation is decided.